Goal: you will narrate a morning with intransitive past forms.
Course progress: lesson 77 / 200
LIMBA audio course · Georgian
This written course gives you the grammar, the words and the script. The LIMBA audio course trains your ear and your mouth: you listen, you repeat, you answer — the perfect complement to these lessons.
Download the Georgian audio courseOrder form · your download link arrives by emailWeek 14. A lazy Sunday
A lazy Sunday: I woke up late, got up even later, sat on the balcony for an hour, went for a walk and came back tired. Nino wants a full report, in Georgian.
Today: the past of verbs that describe what happens to you rather than what you do to something.
| Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| გავიღვიძე | gavighvidze | I woke up |
| ავდექი | avdeki | I got up, I stood up |
| დავჯექი | davjeki | I sat down |
| დავიღალე | davighale | I got tired |
| დავბრუნდი | davbrundi | I came back |
| პარკი | p'ark'i | park |
| დაღლილი | daghlili | tired |
The pronunciation is written in English letters, following Georgia’s official romanization. Say every letter: a as in father, e as in pet, i as in machine, o as in port, u as in rule; r is rolled; g is always hard; kh as in Scottish loch; gh a soft gargled g, like a French r; sh as in shop; zh like the s in pleasure; ch as in church; ts as in cats; dz as in adze; j as in jam. An apostrophe marks a “popped” consonant, said with a little click in the throat and no puff of air: k’, p’, t’, ts’, ch’, q’ (q’ is made deep in the throat). Without an apostrophe, k, p, t, ts, ch have a small puff of air. Use the Pronunciation button at the top to hide or show it.
Many everyday verbs describe a change in yourself: you get up, you sit down, you get tired, you come back. In the past, they work like წავედიts'avedi / მოვედიmovedi (lesson 71): the person stays in its basic form.
| person | got up | sat down | came back | got tired |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| მეme | ავდექიavdeki | დავჯექიdavjeki | დავბრუნდიdavbrundi | დავიღალეdavighale |
| შენshen | ადექიadeki | დაჯექიdajeki | დაბრუნდიdabrundi | დაიღალეdaighale |
| ისis | ადგაadga | დაჯდაdajda | დაბრუნდაdabrunda | დაიღალაdaighala |
| ჩვენchven | ავდექითavdekit | — | დავბრუნდითdavbrundit | დავიღალეთdavighalet |
| თქვენtkven | ადექითadekit | — | დაბრუნდითdabrundit | დაიღალეთdaighalet |
| ისინიisini | ადგნენadgnen | — | დაბრუნდნენdabrundnen | დაიღალნენdaighalnen |
The plural of "sat down" uses a different root, which you will learn in lesson 159.
For I and you, these pasts end in -იi or -ეe: ავდექიavdeki, დავიღალეdavighale. For he, she, in -აa: ადგაadga, დაიღალაdaighala. For they, in -ნენnen: ადგნენadgnen, დაიღალნენdaighalnen. The ვv- of "I" still comes after the preverb: და-ვ-ბრუნდიda-v-brundi.
დავიღალეdavighale is "I got tired" (a change). დაღლილი ვარdaghlili var is "I am tired" (a state, with the adjective დაღლილიdaghlili).
გავიღვიძეgavighvidze (I woke up) is a little different from the others: for he or she, Georgians say ნინომ გაიღვიძაninom gaighvidza, with the -მm ending you will meet in lesson 81. With "I" and "you" there is no difference to see: გავიღვიძეgavighvidze, გაიღვიძეgaighvidze.
კვირა დღესk'vira dghes is "on Sunday (the day)": a little emphatic way of saying კვირასk'viras.
Choose an answer for each question, then press Check my answers. Score 70% or more and the lesson is ticked on your course map.
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Say your answer out loud, write it down, then open the model answer.
Lesson finished? Now train your ear
This written course gives you the grammar, the words and the script. The LIMBA audio course trains your ear and your mouth: you listen, you repeat, you answer — the perfect complement to these lessons.
Download the Georgian audio courseOrder form · your download link arrives by email