Goal: you will say how often you do things with ხშირადkhshirad, ხოლმეkholme, დილაობითdilaobit.
Course progress: lesson 59 / 200
LIMBA audio course · Georgian
This written course gives you the grammar, the words and the script. The LIMBA audio course trains your ear and your mouth: you listen, you repeat, you answer — the perfect complement to these lessons.
Download the Georgian audio courseOrder form · your download link arrives by emailWeek 8. My morning routine
Tamar gives us a homework task: describe our morning routine in Georgian. I realise that my mornings in Tbilisi are very different from my mornings in Montreal.
Today: how often, and the little word ხოლმეkholme that turns any verb into a habit.
| Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| ხოლმე | kholme | usually (marks a habit, after the verb) |
| ყოველთვის | q'oveltvis | always |
| ხშირად | khshirad | often |
| ზოგჯერ | zogjer | sometimes |
| იშვიათად | ishviatad | rarely |
| არასდროს | arasdros | never (with არar) |
| ყოველ დილას | q'ovel dilas | every morning |
| დილაობით | dilaobit | in the mornings (as a habit) |
| საღამოობით | saghamoobit | in the evenings (as a habit) |
| ვდგები | vdgebi | I get up, I stand up |
| ვვარჯიშობ | vvarjishob | I exercise, I train |
| სპორტი | sp'ort'i | sport |
The pronunciation is written in English letters, following Georgia’s official romanization. Say every letter: a as in father, e as in pet, i as in machine, o as in port, u as in rule; r is rolled; g is always hard; kh as in Scottish loch; gh a soft gargled g, like a French r; sh as in shop; zh like the s in pleasure; ch as in church; ts as in cats; dz as in adze; j as in jam. An apostrophe marks a “popped” consonant, said with a little click in the throat and no puff of air: k’, p’, t’, ts’, ch’, q’ (q’ is made deep in the throat). Without an apostrophe, k, p, t, ts, ch have a small puff of air. Use the Pronunciation button at the top to hide or show it.
| Georgian | meaning |
|---|---|
| ყოველთვისq'oveltvis | always |
| ხშირადkhshirad | often |
| ხანდახან, ზოგჯერkhandakhan, zogjer | sometimes |
| იშვიათადishviatad | rarely |
| არასდროს ... არarasdros ... ar | never |
არასდროსarasdros (also არასოდესarasodes) needs არar before the verb, like არავინaravin and არაფერიaraperi (lesson 24):
ყოველიq'oveli (every) loses its -იi before a noun in -სs: ყოველ დილასq'ovel dilas (every morning), ყოველ საღამოსq'ovel saghamos (every evening), ყოველ კვირასq'ovel k'viras (every week).
Add -ობითobit to a part of the day for a regular habit: დილაობითdilaobit (in the mornings), საღამოობითsaghamoobit (in the evenings). For the night, simply say ღამითghamit, "at night".
ხოლმეkholme after a verb says that something is a habit, "usually, as a rule":
ვდგებიvdgebi means "I get up, I stand up" (in the present). Its partner ვდგავარvdgavar means "I am standing". You will learn all the verbs of standing, sitting and lying in lessons 133 and 134.
ხოლმეkholme is one of those little words that make you sound Georgian: ხოლმეkholme in the right place shows you really know how people speak.
Choose an answer for each question, then press Check my answers. Score 70% or more and the lesson is ticked on your course map.
Well done! Lesson 59 is ticked on your course map.
Say your answer out loud, write it down, then open the model answer.
Lesson finished? Now train your ear
This written course gives you the grammar, the words and the script. The LIMBA audio course trains your ear and your mouth: you listen, you repeat, you answer — the perfect complement to these lessons.
Download the Georgian audio courseOrder form · your download link arrives by email