Goal: you will place actions in time with შემდეგshemdeg, წინts'in, დროსdros.
Course progress: lesson 53 / 200
LIMBA audio course · Georgian
This written course gives you the grammar, the words and the script. The LIMBA audio course trains your ear and your mouth: you listen, you repeat, you answer — the perfect complement to these lessons.
Download the Georgian audio courseOrder form · your download link arrives by emailWeek 6. Plans after class
After class, Tamar keeps us for a few minutes to talk about plans: an exam in two weeks, a trip after the exam. Everything she says is full of "after", "before" and "during".
Today: placing actions in time with the genitive.
| Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| შემდეგ | shemdeg | after (after the genitive); then |
| წინ | ts'in | before; ago, after the genitive (same word as "in front", lesson 48) |
| დროს | dros | during (after the genitive) |
| განმავლობაში | ganmavlobashi | during, for (a period) |
| გამოცდა | gamotsda | exam |
| ლექსიკონი | leksik'oni | dictionary |
| შესვენება | shesveneba | break, pause |
The pronunciation is written in English letters, following Georgia’s official romanization. Say every letter: a as in father, e as in pet, i as in machine, o as in port, u as in rule; r is rolled; g is always hard; kh as in Scottish loch; gh a soft gargled g, like a French r; sh as in shop; zh like the s in pleasure; ch as in church; ts as in cats; dz as in adze; j as in jam. An apostrophe marks a “popped” consonant, said with a little click in the throat and no puff of air: k’, p’, t’, ts’, ch’, q’ (q’ is made deep in the throat). Without an apostrophe, k, p, t, ts, ch have a small puff of air. Use the Pronunciation button at the top to hide or show it.
These words come after a noun in the -ისis form:
| Georgian | meaning |
|---|---|
| გაკვეთილის შემდეგgak'vetilis shemdeg | after the lesson |
| სადილის წინsadilis ts'in | before lunch |
| ჭამის დროსch'amis dros | during the meal |
| ერთი საათის განმავლობაშიerti saatis ganmavlobashi | for one hour, within an hour |
მერეmere can replace შემდეგshemdeg in everyday speech: გაკვეთილის მერეgak'vetilis mere.
With a length of time, წინts'in means "ago": ორი წლის წინori ts'lis ts'in (two years ago), ხუთი წუთის წინkhuti ts'utis ts'in (five minutes ago), ერთი კვირის წინerti k'viris ts'in (a week ago). Note that the number + noun stays singular, and the noun takes -ისis: წლისts'lis, წუთისts'utis, კვირისk'viris.
"In two weeks" can be ორი კვირის შემდეგori k'viris shemdeg or ორ კვირაშიor k'virashi (lesson 32's -შიshi, after a shortened number). Both are common:
For "before, until", you also know -მდეmde (lesson 49): სადილამდეsadilamde, "until lunch". სადილის წინsadilis ts'in is "before lunch", just before it.
შესვენებაshesveneba (break) is a word every student learns fast: შესვენების დროსshesvenebis dros, "during the break". In Georgian schools, the break between lessons is also when the canteen is busiest.
Remember ჭამის შემდეგch'amis shemdeg from the pharmacy in lesson 39: "after eating".
Choose an answer for each question, then press Check my answers. Score 70% or more and the lesson is ticked on your course map.
Well done! Lesson 53 is ticked on your course map.
Say your answer out loud, write it down, then open the model answer.
Lesson finished? Now train your ear
This written course gives you the grammar, the words and the script. The LIMBA audio course trains your ear and your mouth: you listen, you repeat, you answer — the perfect complement to these lessons.
Download the Georgian audio courseOrder form · your download link arrives by email