LIMBALIMBAGeorgian course200 lessons
🎧 Audio course
B2 · Upper intermediateUnit 18: Georgia: culture and historyLesson 178 of 200

Lesson 178Regions and dialects

Goal: you will name Georgia's regions and their languages.

Course progress: lesson 178 / 200

LIMBA audio course · Georgian

Hear it, then say it: learn to speak Georgian

  • 37 audio lessons
  • about 13 minutes each
  • explained in simple English

This written course gives you the grammar, the words and the script. The LIMBA audio course trains your ear and your mouth: you listen, you repeat, you answer — the perfect complement to these lessons.

Download the Georgian audio courseOrder form · your download link arrives by email

1Sam’s diary

ა ბ გ დ ეკახეთი,იმერეთი...
კახეთი, იმერეთი...k'akheti, imereti...

Month 25. The map of Georgia

Tamar hangs a big map of Georgia on the classroom wall. We travel across it with our fingers: vineyards in the east, sea in the west, mountains in the north.

Today: regions, dialects and languages.

2Dialogue

Tamar
ეს საქართველოს რუკაა. აღმოსავლეთში კახეთია, ღვინის მხარე.es sakartvelos ruk'aa. aghmosavletshi k'akhetia, ghvinis mkhare.This is the map of Georgia. In the east is Kakheti, the wine region.
Sam
დასავლეთში კი იმერეთი, სამეგრელო, გურია და აჭარაა.dasavletshi k'i imereti, samegrelo, guria da ach'araa.And in the west there are Imereti, Samegrelo, Guria and Adjara.
Tamar
სწორია. ჩრდილოეთში მთებია: სვანეთი, რაჭა, ხევსურეთი, თუშეთი.sts'oria. chrdiloetshi mtebia: svaneti, rach'a, khevsureti, tusheti.Right. In the north are the mountains: Svaneti, Racha, Khevsureti, Tusheti.
Sam
ყველგან ერთნაირად ლაპარაკობენ?q'velgan ertnairad lap'arak'oben?Do people speak the same way everywhere?
Tamar
არა. ქართულს ბევრი დიალექტი აქვს: კახური, იმერული, გურული... მაგრამ ყველას ერთმანეთის ესმის.ara. kartuls bevri dialekt'i akvs: k'akhuri, imeruli, guruli... magram q'velas ertmanetis esmis.No. Georgian has many dialects: Kakhetian, Imeretian, Gurian... but everyone understands each other.
Sam
და სვანური, მეგრული?da svanuri, megruli?And Svan, Megrelian?
Tamar
ისინი ცალკე ენებია, ქართულის ნათესავები. ქართველური ენების ოჯახში ოთხი ენაა: ქართული, მეგრული, ლაზური და სვანური.isini tsalk'e enebia, kartulis natesavebi. kartveluri enebis ojakhshi otkhi enaa: kartuli, megruli, lazuri da svanuri.Those are separate languages, relatives of Georgian. There are four languages in the Kartvelian family: Georgian, Megrelian, Laz and Svan.
Sam
ლაზურად აქაც ლაპარაკობენ?lazurad akats lap'arak'oben?Do people speak Laz here too?
Tamar
ლაზები უმეტესად თურქეთში ცხოვრობენ, შავი ზღვის სანაპიროზე.lazebi umet'esad turketshi tskhovroben, shavi zghvis sanap'iroze.The Laz live mostly in Turkey, on the Black Sea coast.

3New words

GeorgianPronunciationEnglish
აღმოსავლეთიaghmosavletieast
დასავლეთიdasavletiwest
ჩრდილოეთიchrdiloetinorth
სამხრეთიsamkhretisouth
მხარეmkhareregion; side
დიალექტიdialekt'idialect
ცალკეtsalk'eseparate, separately
ნათესავიnatesavirelative
ქართველური ენებიkartveluri enebithe Kartvelian languages
სანაპიროsanap'irocoast
How to read the pronunciation

The pronunciation is written in English letters, following Georgia’s official romanization. Say every letter: a as in father, e as in pet, i as in machine, o as in port, u as in rule; r is rolled; g is always hard; kh as in Scottish loch; gh a soft gargled g, like a French r; sh as in shop; zh like the s in pleasure; ch as in church; ts as in cats; dz as in adze; j as in jam. An apostrophe marks a “popped” consonant, said with a little click in the throat and no puff of air: k’, p’, t’, ts’, ch’, q’ (q’ is made deep in the throat). Without an apostrophe, k, p, t, ts, ch have a small puff of air. Use the Pronunciation button at the top to hide or show it.

4Grammar and explanations

The compass points

GeorgianEnglish"in the…"
აღმოსავლეთიaghmosavletieastაღმოსავლეთშიaghmosavletshi
დასავლეთიdasavletiwestდასავლეთშიdasavletshi
ჩრდილოეთიchrdiloetinorthჩრდილოეთშიchrdiloetshi
სამხრეთიsamkhretisouthსამხრეთშიsamkhretshi
კახეთი საქართველოს აღმოსავლეთშია.k'akheti sakartvelos aghmosavletshia.Kakheti is in the east of Georgia.

Region, adjective, person

regionadjective (things, dialect)person
კახეთიk'akhetiკახურიk'akhuriკახელიk'akheli
იმერეთიimeretiიმერულიimeruliიმერელიimereli
სამეგრელოsamegreloმეგრულიmegruliმეგრელიmegreli
სვანეთიsvanetiსვანურიsvanuriსვანიsvani
გურიაguriaგურულიguruliგურულიguruli

Lesson 139 explains why იმერ-ულიimer-uli has -ულიuli (the root has an რr) and კახ-ურიk'akh-uri has -ურიuri.

Understand someone: ესმისesmis + genitive

მესმისmesmis ("I hear, I understand") takes the person understood in the genitive: > ყველას ერთმანეთის ესმისq'velas ertmanetis esmis. | Everyone understands each other. > შენი არ მესმისsheni ar mesmis. | I don't understand you.

5Good to know

The four Kartvelian languages are related but not mutually understandable: Megrelian is spoken mainly in Samegrelo, Svan in Svaneti and Laz mostly in north-eastern Turkey. Their speakers in Georgia also speak Georgian, the state language.

6Exercises

Choose an answer for each question, then press Check my answers. Score 70% or more and the lesson is ticked on your course map.

  1. "in the east" is…
  2. Which region is in the east, famous for wine?
  3. "a person from Imereti" is…
  4. "Imeretian (dialect, cheese…)" is…
  5. "Everyone understands each other" is…
  6. "I don't understand you" is…
  7. How many languages are in the Kartvelian family?
  8. Where do most Laz people live?
  9. "Kakheti is in the east of Georgia" is…
  10. What is a სანაპიროsanap'iro?

Well done! Lesson 178 is ticked on your course map.

Say it, then write it

Say your answer out loud, write it down, then open the model answer.

  1. Say "Batumi is in the west of Georgia."
    Show the answerბათუმი საქართველოს დასავლეთშია.batumi sakartvelos dasavletshia.
  2. Say "Svaneti is in the north."
    Show the answerსვანეთი ჩრდილოეთშია.svaneti chrdiloetshia.
  3. Say "I'm a Montrealer, and Nino is a Tbilisian."
    Show the answerმე მონრეალელი ვარ, ნინო კი თბილისელია.me monrealeli var, nino k'i tbiliselia.
  4. Say "I don't understand him."
    Show the answerმისი არ მესმის.misi ar mesmis.
  5. Say "Georgian has many dialects."
    Show the answerქართულს ბევრი დიალექტი აქვს.kartuls bevri dialekt'i akvs.

Lesson finished? Now train your ear

Speak Georgian with the 37 LIMBA audio lessons

  • 37 audio lessons
  • about 13 minutes each
  • explained in simple English

This written course gives you the grammar, the words and the script. The LIMBA audio course trains your ear and your mouth: you listen, you repeat, you answer — the perfect complement to these lessons.

Download the Georgian audio courseOrder form · your download link arrives by email

Unit 18: Georgia: culture and history B2

  1. 171The story of the Georgian alphabet
  2. 172Rustaveli's great poem
  3. 173King Tamar and the golden age
  4. 174Wine and the qvevri
  5. 175The supra: toasts and the tamada
  6. 176Songs and dances: a living heritage
  7. 177Mtskheta and Saint Nino
  8. 178Regions and dialects
  9. 179Proverbs and sayings
  10. 180Review: a guided tour
🎧 Download the Georgian audio course