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B2 · Upper intermediateUnit 16: The verb system in fullLesson 155 of 200

Lesson 155Go and come: the complete verb

Goal: you will master the motion verbs in every tense.

Course progress: lesson 155 / 200

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  • about 13 minutes each
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1Sam’s diary

სადაც გინდა, წადი
სადაც გინდა, წადიsadats ginda, ts'adi

Month 19. The road map

Giorgi shows me old Tbilisi the way a local walks it: up to the fortress, down to the river, across the bridge, into a church, out again, down to the baths.

Today: go and come, in every direction and every tense.

2Dialogue

Giorgi
ჯერ ნარიყალაზე ავიდეთ, ციხესთან.jer nariq'alaze avidet, tsikhestan.First let's go up to Narikala, to the fortress.
Sam
ფეხით ავალთ თუ საბაგიროზე დავსხდებით?pekhit avalt tu sabagiroze davskhdebit?Shall we walk up or take the cable car?
Giorgi
ფეხით ავიდეთ, საბაგიროთი კი ჩამოვიდეთ.pekhit avidet, sabagiroti k'i chamovidet.Let's walk up and come down by cable car.
Sam
რა ლამაზი ხედია! იქ რა არის, მდინარის გაღმა?ra lamazi khedia! ik ra aris, mdinaris gaghma?What a beautiful view! What's over there, across the river?
Giorgi
მეტეხის ეკლესია. ხიდზე გადავიდეთ და ეკლესიაში შევიდეთ.met'ekhis ek'lesia. khidze gadavidet da ek'lesiashi shevidet.The Metekhi church. Let's cross the bridge and go into the church.
Sam
მერე აბანოებში ჩავიდეთ?mere abanoebshi chavidet?And then shall we go down to the baths?
Giorgi
სადაც გინდა, წადი! მე აქ დაგელოდები... ვხუმრობ! ერთად წავიდეთ.sadats ginda, ts'adi! me ak dagelodebi... vkhumrob! ertad ts'avidet.Go wherever you like! I'll wait for you here... Just kidding! Let's go together.

3New words

GeorgianPronunciationEnglish
ნარიყალაnariq'alaNarikala (the old fortress of Tbilisi)
ადი!adi!go up!
დადისdadisgoes (regularly), goes around
გაღმაgaghmaon the other side, across
გადავიდეთgadavidetlet's cross
აბანოებიabanoebi(sulphur) baths
სადაც გინდაsadats gindawherever you like
How to read the pronunciation

The pronunciation is written in English letters, following Georgia’s official romanization. Say every letter: a as in father, e as in pet, i as in machine, o as in port, u as in rule; r is rolled; g is always hard; kh as in Scottish loch; gh a soft gargled g, like a French r; sh as in shop; zh like the s in pleasure; ch as in church; ts as in cats; dz as in adze; j as in jam. An apostrophe marks a “popped” consonant, said with a little click in the throat and no puff of air: k’, p’, t’, ts’, ch’, q’ (q’ is made deep in the throat). Without an apostrophe, k, p, t, ts, ch have a small puff of air. Use the Pronunciation button at the top to hide or show it.

4Grammar and explanations

One verb, many directions

The verb "go / come" changes its root by series (-დიdi- / -ვალval- / -ვიდvid- / -სულsul-), and its preverb gives the direction. The -მოmo- forms point towards the speaker ("here").

preverbpresentfutureaoristperfectcommand
მიmi- (to there)მიდისmidisმივაmivaმივიდაmividaმისულაmisulaმიდი!midi!
მოmo- (to here)მოდისmodisმოვაmovaმოვიდაmovidaმოსულაmosulaმოდი!modi!
ა- (up)a- (up)ადისadisავაavaავიდაavidaასულაasulaადი!adi!
ჩაcha- (down)ჩადისchadisჩავაchavaჩავიდაchavidaჩასულაchasulaჩადი!chadi!
შე- (in)she- (in)შედისshedisშევაshevaშევიდაshevidaშესულაshesulaშედი!shedi!
გაga- (out)გადისgadisგავაgavaგავიდაgavidaგასულაgasulaგადი!gadi!
გადაgada- (across)გადადისgadadisგადავაgadavaგადავიდაgadavidaგადასულაgadasulaგადადი!gadadi!
წაts'a- (away)მიდისmidisწავაts'avaწავიდაts'avidaწასულაts'asulaწადი!ts'adi!

The "here" partners: ამოდისamodis (comes up), ჩამოდისchamodis (comes down; arrives in town), შემოდისshemodis (comes in), გამოდისgamodis (comes out), გადმოდისgadmodis (comes across), წამოვაts'amova (will come along).

დადისdadis (no direction) means "goes around, goes regularly": სკოლაში დადისsk'olashi dadis (goes to school).

Let's go! Let's go up!

With the optative "we" form: წავიდეთts'avidet! (let's go), ავიდეთavidet! (let's go up), ჩავიდეთchavidet! (let's go down), შევიდეთshevidet! (let's go in), გადავიდეთgadavidet! (let's cross).

5Good to know

The cable car from Rike Park takes you up to Narikala, the fortress above old Tbilisi. Below, in Abanotubani, the domed sulphur baths gave the city its name: თბილიtbili means "warm".

6Exercises

Choose an answer for each question, then press Check my answers. Score 70% or more and the lesson is ticked on your course map.

  1. "Let's go up to the fortress" is…
  2. "Let's go into the church" is…
  3. "Let's cross the bridge" is…
  4. "Come down!" (towards me) is…
  5. "Come in!" is…
  6. "He has gone out" (perfect) is…
  7. "Go wherever you like!" is…
  8. "He goes to school" (regularly) is…
  9. "Will you come along?" is…
  10. What is a საბაგიროsabagiro?

Well done! Lesson 155 is ticked on your course map.

Say it, then write it

Say your answer out loud, write it down, then open the model answer.

  1. Say "Let's go down to the river."
    Show the answerმდინარესთან ჩავიდეთ.mdinarestan chavidet.
  2. Say "Come out!" (towards me)
    Show the answerგამოდი!gamodi!
  3. Say "I'll go up on foot."
    Show the answerფეხით ავალ.pekhit aval.
  4. Say "Nino has come down to Tbilisi."
    Show the answerნინო თბილისში ჩამოსულა.nino tbilisshi chamosula.
  5. Ask "Will you come along with us?"
    Show the answerჩვენთან ერთად წამოხვალ?chventan ertad ts'amokhval?

Lesson finished? Now train your ear

Speak Georgian with the 37 LIMBA audio lessons

  • 37 audio lessons
  • about 13 minutes each
  • explained in simple English

This written course gives you the grammar, the words and the script. The LIMBA audio course trains your ear and your mouth: you listen, you repeat, you answer — the perfect complement to these lessons.

Download the Georgian audio courseOrder form · your download link arrives by email
▶ Listen to lesson 1 for free

Unit 16: The verb system in full B2

  1. 151The three series of tenses
  2. 152Who takes -მაma? Verb classes and cases
  3. 153Dance, play, cry: medial verbs
  4. 154Love, want, have: inversion verbs in all tenses
  5. 155Go and come: the complete verb
  6. 156To be: the complete verb
  7. 157Say and tell: the complete verbs
  8. 158Eat, drink, see: verbs that change root
  9. 159Plural subjects that change the verb
  10. 160Review: the verb system

See the 20 units and all 200 lessons →

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